Chinese Lesson One

WORDS:
ni hao -- hello
ni men hao -- hello everybody
zao shang hao -- good morning
wan shang hao -- good evening
wan an -- good night
zai jian -- byebye
ming tian jian -- see you tomorrow
xie xie-- thank you
bu yong xie -- you are welcome
dui bu qi -- sorry
mei guan xi -- no problem
qing -- please
qing zuo -- sit down please
qing jin -- come in please

TONES: — / V \

INITIALS: n, h, m, z, sh, w, j, t, x, b, y, d, q, g (14 out of 23)

FINALS: i, ao, en, ang, an, ai, ing, ie, u, ong, ui, ei, in (13 out of 24)

Culture or habit:
1/ Normally we ask "how are you" only when we haven't met each other for a while, or we know the other one might have some problems. 
2/ We don't say "good afternoon".
3/ We put "please" always in very front.

General knowledge:
1/ Morpheme consists one Initial (consonant), one or two Finals (vowel), plus one tone. We can write it down as PinYin, the phonetic symbol.
2/ Word is made by one, or two (most of the case), or three or four morphemes. Each morpheme is meaningful, and it has more than one meanings. So to avoid confusion, it is not suggested to learn the meanings of every morpheme. Better to only understand the Word, instead of Morpheme.

Difficulties I found from the lesson: z, sh, x, q, ian, ie, ui, uo.